P recovery in a WWTP

Processes for liquid phase
  • Chemical/electrochemical precipitation
    • Struvite precipitation
    • Precipitation with Ca2+, Al3+, Fe3+
  • Sorption
    • Adsorption
    • Ion exchange
  • Membrane filtration
    • Bioelectrochemical systems
      • Struvite precipitation + electricity
    • Microalgea cultivation
precovery image Cornel and Schaum, 2009 (modified)
Sewage sludge
  • Acidic leaching and precipitation
  • Pyrolysis
  • Gasification
Sludge ash
  • Wet-chemical leaching (Alkaline/acidic treatment)
  • Thermochemical treatment